for those interested - Tom Holland's Shadow of the Sword is a very good read. If you're unfamiliar Holland's a historian who has written on a number of subjects and does well to make the subject relevant and engaging.
Shadow of the Sword details the early formation of Islam and the contributing...
someone mentioned oil a while back - it's worth considering how a pipeline may have been a major factor in the whole situation developing. This article dates to 2013 and is quite prescient.
http://ftmdaily.com/what-jerry-thinks/whysyria/